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展臺搭建的材料區分

Issuing time:2017-12-19 16:29Source:展酷網

展(zhan)臺搭建從制作材料上分類,一(yi)般分為紙質(zhi)模(mo)型(xing)(xing)(xing)、木質(zhi)模(mo)型(xing)(xing)(xing)、塑料模(mo)型(xing)(xing)(xing)、金屬(shu)模(mo)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和復(fu)合材料模(mo)型(xing)(xing)(xing)等。這里(li)對一(yi)些常用類型(xing)(xing)(xing)的材料作簡單介(jie)紹。

(1)紙張材(cai)料

紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是模(mo)型(xing)制作的主要(yao)材(cai)料。該材(cai)料具(ju)有(you)很強的可塑性,可通過剪裁、折疊、褶皺、描繪等(deng)手法來進行(xing)造型(xing)。其品種(zhong)、規格(ge)豐(feng)富多樣,制作簡便、經濟,效(xiao)果也好;不(bu)足之處是強度(du)(du)較差,受潮易(yi)變(bian)形,成型(xing)后(hou)不(bu)易(yi)修整(zheng)。常用(yong)于模(mo)型(xing)制作的紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)有(you)卡(ka)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、瓦楞紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、花紋(wen)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、激光紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、漸變(bian)色紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、雙面白紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、泡沫膠(jiao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、墻紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、植絨紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、砂紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)。不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)具(ju)有(you)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的色度(du)(du)和光潔度(du)(du),也具(ju)有(you)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的抗張(zhang)力(li)、伸長率、耐折度(du)(du)、耐破度(du)(du)和撕裂度(du)(du)等(deng)機械性能,可根(gen)據需(xu)要(yao)選擇(ze)使用(yong)。

(2)塑料材(cai)料

是用(yong)化學方(fang)法合(he)成(cheng)的(de)材料,多(duo)由合(he)成(cheng)樹脂(zhi)、填(tian)充材料、增(zeng)塑(su)劑、穩定(ding)劑、潤滑(hua)劑、抗靜電(dian)劑、著(zhu)色劑等構成(cheng)。常用(yong)的(de)塑(su)料制品有有機(ji)玻璃、聚(ju)氯乙烯、聚(ju)氨酯、苯板、吹塑(su)板、透光PVC膠片(pian)、即時貼、環氧(yang)樹脂(zhi)倒模材料。這些搭(da)建材料具有質輕、耐腐蝕(shi)、強度高、色彩和成型好等特點,故被廣(guang)泛用于模型制作中(zhong)。

(3)木質材料(liao)

木(mu)(mu)質材(cai)料也是制作模型的常(chang)用(yong)材(cai)料。有自然(ran)板(ban)材(cai)和人工合(he)成板(ban)材(cai)。自然(ran)板(ban)材(cai)常(chang)使(shi)用(yong)的有經過化學處理(li)制成的泡桐木(mu)(mu)板(ban)材(cai),這種板(ban)材(cai)質地細(xi)膩(ni),制作中無論采(cai)用(yong)什么樣的切割(ge)方法,刀口都不會劈裂(lie)。另外,椴木(mu)(mu)、云(yun)杉、楊(yang)木(mu)(mu)、松木(mu)(mu)等也適(shi)合(he)于(yu)做模型用(yong),這些木(mu)(mu)材(cai)紋(wen)理(li)平直,樹節較(jiao)少且(qie)質地較(jiao)軟,易于(yu)加工和造型。人工設(she)計搭建(jian)合成(cheng)板(ban)材(cai)有(you)利用原(yuan)木或木材(cai)廢料等加工合成(cheng)的夾板(ban),以(yi)及諸如寶(bao)麗、防火、薄木貼面(mian)等各種(zhong)裝飾板(ban)材(cai)。這類板(ban)材(cai)多有(you)耐磨、耐水(shui)、耐熱性能以(yi)及不易變形、開裂和翹曲等特點,也具有(you)較好的紋理和質(zhi)地。


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